For extra flavour, brown the meat in batches with a little oil in a thick-bottomed frying pan over medium/high heat. Set aside. This step is optional.
Heat a thick-bottomed pot over medium heat. Fry the onion in 2 Tbsp (30 ml) olive oil along with a pinch of salt until soft and starting to colour, 12–15 minutes or more. Stir regularly to avoid burning. Add tomato paste, red pepper paste, cumin and isot biber. Fry for another minute or so, stirring constantly. Add water, meat (with any juices from the browning), cinnamon stick and bay leaves. Bring to a boil, then reduce the heat to low and cover. Simmer until the meat is tender, about an hour. For a less dominant cinnamon flavour, remove the cinnamon stick after 20–30 minutes.
Meanwhile, heat a thick-bottomed frying pan over medium heat (I use the same one that I used for browning the meat). Fry the green peppers in the remaining 2 Tbsp (30 ml) of olive oil until softened and starting to brown at the edges, 15–20 minutes or more. Stir regularly to prevent burning. Add garlic and fry, stirring constantly, for an additional minute. Take off the heat.
At the same time, prepare the lemon yoghurt by mixing all the ingredients in a small bowl. Season with salt and pepper. Set aside.
When the meat is tender, season the broth with salt and pepper. Stir in the bulgur and the fried green peppers. Bring to a boil, then reduce the heat to low and simmer uncovered until the bulgur is tender, but the dish still juicy, 8–12 minutes. Add more water if necessary.
Season to taste with lemon juice, salt and pepper. Serve topped with lemon yoghurt, a sprinkle of chili flakes and fresh herbs.
Notes
Inspired by the traditional dish keşkek and the recipe "Tomato bulgur with lamb and cinnamon yoghurt" in the book Moro Easy by Sam & Sam Clark.